Hassan’s Story Essay

A).Which clue would tell Stefan which scapular surface was anterior and which was posterior? What is the name of the shallow, oval socket of the scapular that Stefan placed next to the humerus? When he pulled out the two bundles, each containing a narrow S-shaped bone. Turning them over in his hands, he quickly decided which was right and which left, then placed each clavicle by its neighboring scapula. In order to determine if a scapula is right or left, orient it so the glenoid fossa (articulating surface) faces laterally (outward) and the spine is posterior (toward back) and superior (upper). The coracoid process should be superior and anterior. Glenoid cavity is what he place next to the humerus. B).Which bone is Stefan referring to as the Collarbone? Clavical C).Which surface markings could Stefan use to distinguish the right humerus from the left? The head, deltoid, tuberosity, and olecranon and pointed styloid process of the ulna, and the circular head and wide styloid process of the radius. The deltoid tuberosity on the right was somewhat larger on the left. D).Why would Stefan think that an enlarged right deltoid tuberosity might indicate right handedness? It was because the right was somewhat larger than the left. E).What is the location of the public symphsis Stefan refers to I the story? The pubic symphysis or symphysis pubis is the midline cartilaginous joint uniting the superior of the left and right pubic bones. It is located anterior to the urinary bladder and superior to the external genitalia; for females it is above the vulva and for males it is above the penis. F).Which adaptation would have taken place in the pubic symphysis of the female skeleton during the later stages of her pregnancy in preparation for the birthing process? Skeletal joints such as the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac widen or have increased laxity. G).What clues could Stefan have used to identify the gender of the pelvis? It’s lack of brow ridge development and pelvic appearance. H). How would Stefan have distinguished between the right and left hip bones? The hips have three separate bone, ilium, ischium, and pubis. I).Would the bones of each hip bone be fused in the female child’s skeleton? No, not until the age of 23.

Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 5

Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet are from two prominent and feuding families who reside in the city of Verona, a real city in northern Italy. As far as the audience are aware, they are their parents’ only offspring, the only other ‘children’ in the family are Benvolio and Tybalt, cousins to Romeo and Juliet respectively.As only children, their parents are naturally protective of them – Juliet’s father, especially. Towards the beginning of the play, in Act 1, Scene 2, Paris asks Capulet for permission to marry his daughter. In Elizabethan times (when the play was written and performed), it was the job of the father to give away the daughter, as if she were a present or his property, rather than her own person.Rather than just give away his daughter to Paris, a young nobleman, kinsman to the prince, and someone who would be seen as a ‘good catch’ for a husband, he tells him: ‘But going o’er what I have said before, My child i s yet a stranger in the world, She hath not seen the change of fourteen years, Let two more summers wither in their pride, Ere we may think her ripe to be a bride’ From this speech that Capulet is protective of his daughter, and whilst he wants her to marry a fine man (she tells Paris to come back in two years), he doesn’t want her to grow up too quickly.It would appear that he has her best interests at heart. In the following scene, we first see the relationships between Juliet and her nurse and mother. Her mother seems somewhat out of touch with her daughter, having to ask the nurse to find her†¦ (‘Nurse, where’s my daughter? Call her forth to me’) and doesn’t seem to be able to talk to her daughter, other than through the nurse or in her presence ‘This is the matter:–Nurse, give leave a while, We must talk in secret:–nurse, come back again; I have remember'd me, thou's hear our counsel.Thou know'st my daughter's of a pretty age.. ’ However, she does appear to have some consideration for her daughter’s feelings and wishes, as she asks her what she thinks of marrying the nobleman, and to start thinking about marriage; she also makes her speech a little more personal by putting in some of her own experience (that she was a mother at the age her daughter now is): ‘Well, think of marriage now; younger than you, Here in Verona, ladies of esteem, Are made already mothers: by my ount, I was your mother much upon these years’ Whereas Juliet seems to respect her mother (first referring to her as ‘Madam’ rather than, perhaps, mum or Mother), she seems to be more at ease talking to her nurse . It would appear that Juliet and her nurse have always been close†¦ even to the point of the nurse taking over the traditional mother’s job of breastfeeding her child.She makes a reference to this in the same scene: ‘And she was wean'd,–I never shall f orget it,–Of all the days of the year, upon that day: For I had then laid wormwood to my dug,’†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhen it did taste the wormwood on the nipple Of my dug and felt it bitter, pretty fool, To see it tetchy and fall out with the dug! ’ Above, the nurse talks of breastfeeding Juliet. This is, of course, very unusual in this day and age, but not quite unheard of in Elizabethan times. The fond fashion in which the nurse remembers this, however, seem to indicate that Juliet and the nurse have a strong relationship.The fact that she was breast-fed by her nurse rather than her biological mother hints that perhaps the nurse was (and is? ) more of a mother to her than Lady Capulet. The nurse also seems friendlier than Lady Capulet – by saying things such as ‘Amen, young lady! Lady, such a man as all the world – why, he's a man of wax’ and‘ Go, girl, seek happy nights to happy days’, she seems to be more excited about Parisâ €™s proposition than Lady Capulet. Act 3, scene 5 in some ways seems a distorted reflection of Act 1, scenes 2 and 3.Capulet has arranged to marry Juliet off to Paris, and once again it is Lady Capulet that has the job of telling her. However, the Capulets’ stances on Juliet regarding marriage have changed. Instead of wanting to protect his daughter from an early marriage, Capulet is now the one trying to rush her into it. Likewise, her mother, rather than asking Juliet for her thoughts on the matter, is telling her what is Going to happen. Juliet has just spent her wedding night with her beloved and now husband, Romeo. He has been banished to the city of Mantua for avenging the murder of his friend Mercutio.The scene starts on quite tense grounds, as Juliet has almost been caught with her lover, who is a sworn enemy of her family and faces execution if found in Verona. Simply Romeo being in the house is enough to create some tension – that Juliet is crying heighte ns this tension. Juliet’s mother shows herself to be a little insensitive by effectively telling her daughter that crying isn’t going to bring anyone back, and that it shows her to be a bit stupid: ‘Therefore, have done: some grief shows much of love;But much of grief shows still some want of wit. Lady Capulet then shows her ignorance of Juliet's marriage and feelings for Romeo by telling Juliet not to weep for Tybalt’s death, but that Romeo lives. Romeo is referred to as the ‘villain’ several times – this adds emphasis to the fact that the Capulets see Romeo as a bad person. Juliet mutters, aside to the audience, that she believes that Romeo and ‘villain’ are ‘many miles asunder’. This confirms to the audience that Juliet and her mother have opposing views. Lady Capulet continues, calling Romeo a ‘traitor murderer’ and threatens to send someone to Mantua to murder Romeo.The audience do not want to see Romeo be murdered, now that they can see how in love he and Juliet are. Shakespeare then very cleverly crafts a speech for Juliet that has dual meaning. ‘Indeed, I never shall be satisfied With Romeo, till I behold him–dead– Is my poor heart for a kinsman vex'd. Madam, if you could find out but a manTo bear a poison, I would temper it;That Romeo should, upon receipt thereof,Soon sleep in quiet. O, how my heart abhors To hear him named, and cannot come to him.To wreak the love I bore my cousin Upon his body that slaughter'd him! ’ The punctuation at the beginning can be altered to sound differently to the audience than Lady Capulet would hear it. It could be read ‘Indeed, I never shall be satisfied with Romeo, till I behold him, dead – [dead] is my poor heart for a kinsman vex’d’,where the kinsman is the slaughtered Tybalt†¦ or ‘Indeed, I never shall be satisfied with Romeo, till I behold him. Dead is my poor heart †¦a kinsman vex’d’†¦ where Romeo isn’t dead, just a kinsman (husband) vexed (in distress).She says that if she could find a poison that would let Romeo ‘sleep in quiet’, she would temper it. Whereas Lady Capulet would see this as her daughter wanting to poison Romeo and kill him, the audience may take it as her wanting to take Romeo’s troubles (i. e. their separation) away so that he can sleep peacefully at night. More observant members of the audience may also link this to the ending of the play, where Juliet temporarily poisons herself in an effort to solve her and Romeo’s problems. When Juliet says that her ‘heart abhors to hear him named, and cannot come to him.To wreak the love [she] bore [her] cousin upon his body that slaughter’d him’, her mother takes this as not being able to lay her hands upon him†¦ but the audience obviously realises that she means that it hurts her to hear his name and not be able to be with him†¦ perhaps even to get sexual gratification out of him. The audiences may well be shocked by these lusts that are well beyond her years – remember that she is only 13. The tension at this point would be building, as Juliet is playing a dangerous game by playing with her words like this.The indication that Juliet wants to ‘wreak her love upon him’ may also have been quite shocking†¦ audiences of the time would not have been so exposed to such blatant references to sins of the flesh. When Lady Capulet declares that Juliet’s father has arranged a marriage for her in a few days, the audience may feel a quick dropping sensation in their stomachs – for they know that Juliet is already married – and therefore cannot marry Paris – and that this means that the secret marriage between Juliet and her Romeo may be discovered.She also once again shows her ignorance of Juliet’s true feelings by being under the impression that the marriage will cheer Juliet up – not make her problems worse. She uses repetition of the word ‘joy’ here to emphasise what she presumes Juliet should be feeling. Juliet strikes back by saying: ‘Now, by Saint Peter's Church and Peter too, He shall not make me there a joyful bride. I wonder at this haste; that I must wed Ere he, that should be husband, comes to woo.I pray you, tell my lord and father, madam, I will not marry yet; and, when I do, I swear, It shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate, Rather than Paris. These are news indeed! ’ Juliet swears by Saint Peters Church and Peter too’ – Elizabethan audience wouldfind this blasphemous and shocking. She also throws her mother’s term ‘a joyfulbride’ back at her, and questions her parents wishes by saying to the effect of ‘I’mwondering about you’re wish to marry me off to someone who hasn’t even botheredto court me’ †¦ then downright defies them by saying that ‘I will not marry yet’.In Elizabethan times, daughters were seen as their parents’ (and especially father’s)property, so it would have been seen within Capulet’s rights (if, perhaps, a little unfair) to ‘give away’ his daughter. The last three lines of the dialogue are broken up strategically with commas, which drag out the speech and make it seem much more powerful and effective than if it was read without these breaks. The whole speech, whilst not quite being disrespectful, is defiant and directly challenges Juliet’s parents’ wishes.The audience will feel now as if the tension is coming to a peak, as society absolutely demanded that children abided by their parent’s wishes, and that even though the marriage can’t go ahead, Juliet will be punished for trying to prevent it. When Capulet enters, he appears in a fine mood, but this soon changes when his wife inf orms him of their daughter’s wishes. She says that she wishes ‘the fool were married to her grave’†¦ this is the first sign of the rift created between Juliet (the younger generation) and her parents (the older generation).Capulet enquires of Juliet's motives for not marrying Paris with the following ‘Soft! take me with you, take me with you, wife. How! will she none? doth she not give us thanks? Is she not proud? doth she not count her blest,Unworthy as she is, that we have wrought So worthy a gentleman to be her bridegroom? ’ Here, Capulet shows his apparent displeasure that Juliet isn’t thankful for her father’s arranging of this marriage – saying that she should be proud and count herself as blessed – this shows Juliet and her father’s relationship as starting to waver.He also says that Paris is ‘so worthy a gentleman’, but that she is ‘unworthy’†¦ indicating, perhaps, that he gives Paris more credit than his daughter. This shows the audience something about their true relationship and how much he values her. Bear in mind his conversation with Paris in act 1, scene 2 – where Capulet was protective of his daughter, and talked of her more like a person – whereas now he is ‘giving her away’ as if she were property. ‘Not proud, you have; but thankful, that you have: Proud can I never be of what I hate; But thankful even for hate, that is meant love. As we can see, Juliet's relationship towards her father is quite different. Even though she can’t like that he's arranged a marriage for her, she still respects him and is thankful that he has arranged a wedding for her in an attempt to cheer her up –because it was meant well. This makes Juliet, the child in this scene, seem instantlyvmore likeable to the audience – which makes anyone who tries to hurt Juliet seemless likeable. From the following person onward s, this person is Capulet: ‘How now, how now, chop-logic!What is this? ‘Proud,' and ‘I thank you,' and ‘I thank you not;' And yet ‘not proud,' mistress minion, you,Thank me no thankings, nor, proud me no prouds, But fettle your fine joints ‘gainst Thursday next,To go with Paris to Saint Peter's Church,Or I will drag thee on a hurdle thither. Out, you green-sickness carrion! out, you baggage! You tallow-face! ’ Capulet now starts verbally assaulting his daughter, due to her not wishing to have amarriage to a man she does not know forced upon her.After calling her illogical, hethrows her own words back in her face, mocking her, telling her not to bother thanking him but just to be ready to marry Paris – because he will drag her to the church regardless. He finishes by aggressively insulting her. The way Shakespeare chooses to rapidly change Capulet’s mood like this makesCapulet appear volatile and dangerous. The audience by this point in the play havealready grown to side and empathise with Juliet, so they will oppose anything thatthreatens her. As with Juliet’s speech, the punctuation drags out the long sentences in this block of dialogue, and makes it more powerful.The speech also starts in the iambic pentameter, which follows the rhythmic beating of your heart, but then goes outslightly towards the end†¦ this can be seen to show that Capulet is getting more and more worked up in his determination to control his daughter and starting to lose control. Shakespeare also uses direct address (‘mistress minion, you’) to make the speech seem more direct and focused; asyndetic listing to make his list of words to throwback at Juliet appear longer; poetic word-play to make the speech more interesting; fricative alliteration, and violent verbs such as ‘drag’ to make the speech more powerful.Until this point it seems that there may be a chance for Juliet to brush the wedding as ide and perhaps convince her parents to like Romeo – however, after this, there seems to be very little chance of that happening. The tenseness in the audience shifts from the state of Romeo and Juliet’s marriage to concern for Juliet’s welfare . After this outburst, Lady Capulet asks her husband if she is mad – although she doesn’t appear much of a mother, this may suggest that she holds her only daughter in higher regard than her husband does.It seems that perhaps this relationship isn’t quite as bad as it previously appeared. However, by trying to calm her husband, she may anger him further – this, coupled with the knowledge that Lady Capulet too thinks that this is perhaps getting a little out of hand, creates yet more tension. ‘Good father, I beseech you on my knees, Hear me with patience but to speak a word. ’ [She kneels down]’ Juliet now pleads with her father on her knees. The audience really feel the tens ion now, as it seems that the relationship between Juliet and her father are coming to the point of no return.Kneeling down is also a very dramatic and meaningful gesture -she is putting herself at her father’s mercy. ‘Hang thee, young baggage! disobedient wretch! I tell thee what: get thee to church o' Thursday,Or never after look me in the face:Speak not, reply not, do not answer me;My fingers itch. Wife, we scarce thought us blest That God had lent us but this only child; But now I see this one is one too much, And that we have a curse in having her:Out on her, hilding! ’ It is at this point that Capulet really loses control. At this point the audience may startwondering how far Capulet will go.He makes references to her being killed (‘hangthee’), calls her a ‘disobedient wretch’, and directly threatens her – warning her never to look him in the face again if she isn’t at the church to marry Paris on Thursday. Heends by ordering her to be quiet – repetition of imperative commands are used here for emphasis. He also goes as far as saying that he wishes she had never been born – a shocking thing for him to say at his child. After Juliet has put herself at her fathers mercy by kneeling at his feet, to be cursed in such a manner is obviously a huge shock to the audience, and the tension is beginning to peak.Tension has been sustained for quite a long period of time now, and the audience will most likely be on the edges of their seats in anticipation for what will happen to Juliet and how this squabble will be resolved. Luckily, at this peak, the nurse decides to join the quarrel, siding with Juliet, whom it was mentioned that she was close to earlier. She stands up to her employer on Juliet’s behalf, and tells him that he is the one in the wrong: ‘God in heaven bless her! You are to blame, my lord, to rate her so. The nurse feels that defending Juliet, who is essentially just a girl she is employed to mind, is worth losing her job, tells us a lot about how strongly the nurse feels about this girl. Capulet then tells the nurse to be quiet, and dismisses her as a gossiper. The nurse changes tactics slightly and becomes more polite and diplomatic, saying that she‘speaks no treason’ and asks him politely for permission to talk (‘may not onespeak? ’). Capulet, however, is still in a foul mood, so calls her a ‘mumbling fool’ andtells her to be quiet.Lady Capulet, whilst not being on Juliet’s ‘side’, speaks in her favour as she tellsCapulet that he is being ‘too hot’ – showing that even though her husband’s word islaw, she still cares somewhat about her daughter. There is more relationship-relatedfriction, as now Lady Capulet puts herself in danger of antagonising her husband. Whilst this isn’t friction between adults and children, it is still tension that theaudience may feel. Capulet then dives into his most intense, aggressive and fuelled speech – or,perhaps more appropriately, outburst – of the scene and perhaps even the entireplay. God's bread! it makes me mad: Day, night, hour, tide, time, work, play, Alone, in company, still my care hath beenTo have her match'd: and having now provided A gentleman of noble parentage,Of fair demesnes, youthful, and nobly train'd,Stuff'd, as they say, with honourable parts, Proportion'd as one's thought would wish a man; And then to have a wretched puling fool, A whining mammet, in her fortune's tender,To answer ‘I'll not wed; I cannot love, I am too young; I pray you, pardon me. But, as you will not wed, I'll pardon you:Graze where you will you shall not house with me: Look to't, think on't, I do not use to jest. Thursday is near; lay hand on heart, advise: An you be mine, I'll give you to my friend; And you be not, hang, beg, starve, die inthe streets, For, by my soul, I'll ne'er acknow ledge thee, Nor what is mine shall never do thee good:Trust to't, bethink you; I'll not be forsworn. ’ Capulet starts off with an exclamation (‘God’s bread! ’) and lists the times he’s cared for her asyndetically for impact and to draw them out.The actor could possibly raise his voice list item by list item here to build tension. He goes on to rant about how he has ‘provided her’ with a ‘gentleman of noble parentage’, and other traits so desirable in the Elizabethan era – building up Paris’s image, acting proud that he has been able to ‘catch’ this man for his daughter†¦ almost holding him in awe, even – and then curses his daughter for suggesting that she will not marry him. He refers to Juliet – his own daughter – as a wretch and a ‘whining mammet’.He mocks her by throwing her own words back at her – somewhat childishly as many of the things she hasn ’t actually said and Capulet has just presumed or exaggerated(such as ‘I cannot love’, ‘I am too young’ etc). This shows that he has little respect at her and is determined to get at her, regardless of what she has actually said. He threatens to throw her out: ‘Graze where you will you shall not house with me’ -he also uses the word ‘graze’ here in place of ‘live with’, reducing her to the level of cattle – and warns her that he is not joking about this by saying ‘I do not use to jest’.He then tells her that she is his property (‘And you be mine’), and that he can use her as property as he ‘gives [her] to [his] friend’. He finalizes the raving speech with his wish that she should die or live a life of misery (‘hang, beg, starve, die in the streets’ – a syndetic listing again here, used as if Capulet’s thoughts are so fuelled that he feels h e must rush to spit them out) if she disagrees with him. The audience, who side with Juliet, will by now have a deep disliking of Capulet. Juliet turns to her mother. Is there no pity sitting in the clouds,That sees into the bottom of my grief? O, sweet my mother, cast me not away! Delay this marriage for a month, a week;Or, if you do not, make the bridal bed In that dim monument where Tybalt lies. ’ Here Juliet wails to the heavens, before begging her mother not to disown her as her father has done. She pleads to her mother to delay the marriage for a short period of time – going as far as suggesting that would commit suicide. Ironically, at the end of the play, Juliet and Romeo die together in ‘a tomb belonging to the Capulets. The watching audience knows that she wishes to delay the marriage to give her time to think things over and sort out her marriage to Romeo – however, the audience also knows that Lady Capulet doesn’t know that this is the c ase, and that she probably thinks Juliet is being a little childish. However, her mother replies with: ‘Talk not to me, for I'll not speak a word: Do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee. ’ By refusing to talk to her daughter from that moment onwards, Lady Capulet effectively lands the fatal blow to the Capulets’ previously good stance with the audience.After Capulet tries to protect his daughter from an early, restrictive marriage, and then his wife siding somewhat with his daughter as she tried to gently calm him, their change in the face of the audience is quite remarkable. Romeo and Juliet are the ‘heroes’ and focus of the play; the older generation of the Capulets can now be seen by the audience as the villains. Juliet then turns to her nurse in desperation. Throughout the play so far, the nurse has been unwaveringly loyal to Juliet and has wanted for her only what she thinks is for the best.However, after asking for consolation and for a way to prevent the marriage, the nurse says: ‘Faith, here it is. Romeo is banish'd; and all the world to nothing,That he dares ne'er come back to challenge you; Or, if he do, it needs must be by stealth. Then, since the case so stands as now it doth, I think it best you married with the county. O, he's a lovely gentleman! Romeo's a dishclout to him: an eagle, madam, Hath not so green, so quick, so fair an eye As Paris hath. Beshrew my very heart, I think you are happy in this second match, For t excels your first: or if it did not,Your first is dead; or 'twere as good he were, As living here and you no use of him. ’ Instead of her expected reply of consolation and a method of preventing the marriage and rejoining with her husband, the nurse reminds Juliet that Romeo has been banished and won’t dare come back to see her, at least not without it being in secret. She continues, saying that she believes that in the current light of things, it would be best for Juliet to marry Paris, this man who, although noble, barely knows her, if it all.She compares Romeo to a dishcloth and Paris to an eagle – quite offensive and complementary comparisons respectively. Even though the nurse is talking sense, this is not what the audience want to hear at this point. By telling Juliet that she should leave someone that the audience love for someone that her father is forcing her to marry on threats of violence makes her almost as bad has the Capulets. The next few lines of dialogue are where Juliet and the audience finally realise that it’s the younger generation versus the older generation: ‘ JULIET Speakest thou from thy heart? Nurse And from my soul too; Or else beshrew them both.JULIET Amen! Nurse What? JULIET Well, thou hast comforted me marvellous much. Go in: and tell my lady I am gone, Having displeased my father, to Laurence' cell,To make confession and to be absolved. Nurse Marry, I will; and this is wisely done. ’ After check ing that the nurse truly means what she says (‘Speakest thou from thyheart? ’), Juliet exclaims ‘Amen! ’ What she really means is ‘so be it’†¦ this is the point where she decides to forsake any adult advice and try and sort things out for herself. The nurse doesn’t understand, but the audience does – this reinforces the idea that the way the younger generation and udience think is now different from the way the adults think. She still has respect for her father and her religion, because she says ‘Having displeased my father’†¦ ’make confession and to be absolved’ – or so it seems. After the nurse exits and Juliet is left alone, she makes one last emotional speech to the audience: Ancient damnation! O most wicked fiend! Is it more sin to wish me thus forsworn,Or to dispraise my lord with that same tongueWhich she hath praised him with above compareSo many thousand times? Go, counsellor;Th ou and my bosom henceforth shall be twain.I'll to the friar, to know his remedy: If all else fail, myself have power to die. ’ Juliet now renounces her faith in god, saying that ‘[the nurse] and my bosom henceforth shall be twain (split apart)’. There is another suicide reference at the end of this dialogue. This increases tension back from the level it sunk to after Juliet’s parents left. Because of the actions and words of the older generation in the Capulet household, Juliet is contemplating suicide. This makes the audience angry with the adults. After this scene, Juliet goes to see the only adult left that she trusts – Friar Lawrence.He gives her a draft of sleeping potion, planning to fake her death so that she can escape and be alone with her Romeo, at least until things get straightened out. Unfortunately, Romeo doesn’t receive Lawrence's message explaining the situation to him, and thinks that Juliet is indeed dead. In his mad grief, he rushes to the Capulet family tomb to take one last look at his late wife, and meets Paris there. After a struggle, Paris is killed, and Romeo poisons himself. Juliet awakes soon after, and after dismissing the Friar who comes to offer someform of consolation, gives her Romeo one last kiss, and stabs herself with his dagger.Afterwards, Capulet, Montague, Friar Lawrence and the prince meet outside, and the friar reveals the story to all parties. Only at the end, after their offspring are dead, do they realise their errors. Act 3 scene 5 affects the rest of the play quite dramatically. If marriage wasn’t aboutto be forced upon Juliet, she wouldn’t have needed to take quite such drastic steps to reunite herself with her secret husband, and the deaths of Romeo, Paris and Juliet could all have been avoided.All that Capulet needed to do was to ask his daughter of her opinion before arranging her to be married, or for Lady Capulet to respectJuliet's wishes to delay the marr iage for a month so that she could get thingsstraightened out. In the end, the feuding families of Montague and Capulet finally settle their differences, at a price – as prince states at the end of act 5, For never was a story of more woeThan this of Juliet and her Romeo. ’ To put the play into context, readers must understand some things about Elizabethansociety.Elizabethan society was what is known as a patriarchal society – that is, a societygoverned by men. Women had very little individual power or influence, and fatherswere seen as the head of the household and were to be obeyed. Daughters wereregarded as possessions of their fathers – something that could be ‘given away’ to acandidate that the father decrees as suitable. This would have made Juliet's arguing with her father very unorthodox and shocking –woman, arguing with her father , the man who possessed her . Children wereexpected to obey adults at all time – their wor d was law.Adults and children didn’thave the sorts of friendly, easygoing relationships that they we enjoy today – childrenwere to obey and not have strong opinions or an unhealthy amount of free will – bothof which Juliet possesses. Religion was also a big part of Elizabethan society. Marriage was seen as a holyevent and was also a big family event. For Juliet to have had a rushed wedding withvery few people (and no family members) present would have been very unusual tothe Elizabethan audience. The idea of suicide would also have been much more shocking to an audience in theElizabethan era.Whereas nowadays suicide is seen as taking your own life,Elizabethans had the added shock of a woman going against gods will. Towards the beginning of the scene, Juliet expresses quite explicitly that she wouldlike to ‘wreak her love upon Romeo’s body’. In these times, people are quitesaturated with references to sex and love in the media, but at the time Shakespearewrote this play, the topic was considered taboo. Audiences would have beenshocked at Juliet’s seemingly ‘unquenchable lust’. However, the scene isn’t quiteenough to repulse the audiences – it is just enough to get them excited and feel asense of risk.I think that Shakespeare was successful in creating tension with his presentation of relationships in act 3 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet. There is already some tension inthe play, which is built upon when Lady Capulet narrowly misses catching Romeo inher daughter’s room, and Juliet dangerously plays with her wording to give it dualmeanings. The relationship heightens yet more when Juliet defies her parents bystating that she will not marry the man her father has chosen for her, and reaches apeak as her father starts hurling abuse and threats at her.

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Writing Reading, and Researching in My Major - Essay Example Accounting major is a study concerned with the measurement, analysis, evaluation and reporting of information including computerized information which assists the managerial in organizing of the resources of business entities and government organization. The accounting major comprises of both theory and practice to prepare students for analysis and reporting regarding the economic activity of business organizations and communication of that information to managerial heads. In major, the students acquire skill in managerial accounting, accounting system, budgeting, internal contrails, financial analysis, taxation, internal and external auditing, financial reporting and international accounting. The major prepares the student for a range of careers in accounting in business of profit, non – profit and also for government firms. With a major in accounting a person will be able to work efficiently with interdisciplinary professionals and diverse stakeholders. They can interact with financial and non – financial audiences in a concise and clear manner by taking appropriate decision with reliability, relevancy and accusation. They can research on financial matters and analyze business data by applying management and accounting principles and understand the standards that apply to business reports. He a proficiently use current technology and analytical tools to work on business functions work integrally with team and facilitate on decision making. This major helps in taking critical thinking problem solving and validate processes, and analyzing financial data and apply current and emerging ethical standards. However the major in accounting has many requisites and the student who satisfy them can get an admission for the same. The reading done in accounting would be basically conceptual framework of accounting. The financial accounting standards

Describing a Memorable Meal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Describing a Memorable Meal - Essay Example   The reason is that all of these things came around once each year so it was more like a ritual or a habit rather than a celebration. The time that I remember the most is when my family and I went on our holiday out of the country. It was to a small island located in the Caribbean, and it was a special moment in my childhood. The setting was remarkable as the waves crashed against the shore while a magnificent sunset occurred daily. There was one restaurant on that island that I shall never forget because of the awesome feeling I got from the delicious food that they served. Once we arrived to eat, the waiters and waitresses came to take our order. My siblings and I were given permission from our parents to select whatever dish or dishes we wanted because we would likely never be able to return here again. As all kids do, I immediately fixed my eyes on the most expensive item on the menu. It did not occur to me at that young age that price doesn’t necessarily equate to quality, but that did not matter to me. I was feeling famished and I couldn’t wait to tuck into the most delicious dinner dish I had ever tasted. While we were waiting for our food to arrive, we noticed the ambiance in this particular restaurant. There was a young lady quietly playing the violin over in the corner, while the flickering lights created a sense of calm over the whole place. After some time our food was brought out to us; not the main course, just the entrà ©e. As I chose not to order one of these, I had to wait a little bit longer for my food. After the rest of my family had finished their appetizers, we noticed a long-bearded man come into the room and begin to play his guitar. He was quite talented with this musical instrument, and the remarkable sound coming from his guitar kept our minds off the impending arrival of our main courses.  Ã‚  

Coping, Maintaining Health and Preventing Illness Assignment

Coping, Maintaining Health and Preventing Illness - Assignment Example People with Type A personalities have low self-esteem, low patience, and distrust towards fellow humans. These qualities result in irritation, anger, anxiety and lack of sympathy; these symptoms indicate anxiety disorders. Experiencing anxiety disorders indicates or are associated with some form of cardiac issues. Psychology of individuals has a significant impact on their health. Association of psychological distress and chronic heart failure was established by Lesman-Leegte et al.’s (2006) study that indicated most of the patients with chronic heart failure were suffering from psychological distress, either in the form of depression or anxiety disorder. Sogaard et al.’s (2008) research carried out with a purpose of investigating relationships between type A behavior pattern and psychological distress measured in middle aged men participating in two surveys 28 years apart clearly indicated that Type A individuals had high risk of developing psychological distress. Psychological distress needs to be managed through counselling and psychotherapy that can strengthen Type A individuals’ psychosocial characteristics towards more positive outcomes. Aquarius et al. (2006) proved that younger people require higher social support in order to recover from treatment of peripheral arterial disease (a type of heart disease). This social support is to enhance their psychosocial impressions of the self and

Anger,hatred,powerlessness and connection Assignment

Anger,hatred,powerlessness and connection - Assignment Example Anger is a natural emotion, but it does not mean that one cannot avoid it. For anger to flourish there must be a root of where it sprung. One must develop the discipline to not harbor such seeds that can lead to hatred. Having a serene and tranquil mind will help us to be mindful of our anger and relieve us from resorting to foul and malicious behavior. While coming into terms with one’s emotions is seldom deemed healthy, it is considered a normal aspect of life. By hating, one risks the cultivation of such hatred, which in turn further causes negative repercussions not only to the individual but also to society itself by developing the culture of hate. Gould (2011) offers a more healthy approach in dealing with the haters: by working â€Å"within the dynamics of identity formation, maintenance, and defense to transform hate†. By doing so, haters can be dealt with in a more positive light and the culture of hated can be

Michael schumacher the best ever Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Michael schumacher the best ever - Essay Example He registered his first win in 1984 becoming a champion in German Junior Kart championship. He repeated the feat again a year after in 1985 and in the same year, he came second in Junior Kart World Championship (Wright, 1997). By this time, it almost became certain that he is going to reach new heights in his racing career in the years ahead. Accordingly, in 1987, he won German Kart Championship and was racing ahead to become a celebrity in Germany. Same year, he participated in European Kart Championship North Zone and stood 2nd; however, same year, he also participated in European Kart Championship Final and came out with flying colors becoming champion beating several known rivals. In 1987, he also participated in South African Grand Prix tournament and came second (Wright, 1997). In 1988, he participated in German Formula Konig Championship and won it with a thumping margin. During the same year, he also participated in European Formula Ford 1600 championship where he lost to Mika Salo taking second position. His racing career was now progressing with a steady note. In 1989, Schumacher participated in German Formula 3 championship where he missed championship to Karl Wendlinger narrowly. In 1990, he again took part in German Formula 3 championship and grabbed the top slot with a wide margin gaining 148 points (Wright, 1997). In 1991, in Belgium he made his Formula 1 debut entry for Jordan. He rode on the Mercedes sports car then exhibiting his driving genius. In the following year, he became a part of the Benetton where he halted Williams’ dominance. He registered first grand prix win in Belgium. The year 1994 was an eventful year for Schumacher when he registered 8 wins in FIA Formula 1 world championship earning 92 points overall. That was also the time when his Benetton team was accused of cheating. His team mate Jos Verstappen got a jolt when a fire broke out in the German Grand Prix and an investigative team found that a filter on the fuel rig was

Progressive Era during the Great Depression Essay

Progressive Era during the Great Depression - Essay Example These four events marked and established a concrete history that shaped as well as helping in describing the current setup of the world. Progressive era that transpired through 1800s to 1920s established a critical moment of change for the American society and world in general. The period characterized with massive urbanization coupled with high rate of industrialization. In nutshell, the Progressive era became synonymous with high levels of poverty that touched lower class that constituted the biggest percentage of the American population. No sooner had the impacts the Progressive era fade than America and world in general bumped into yet another tempting moment of Great Depression. This period begun in 1929 and ended in the early 1940, before giving way for World War II. According to Sage (2010, p. 1), the spirit of progressive started to signalize in the early 1890s when small businesspersons, farmers and other reform oriented leaders merged to form the Populist Party. The purpose s of the party were to confront and address the problems faced by the American societies such unemployment, injustice, poor leadership among other. It is from Populist Party that Progressives would later develop after the former gained national trust. As mentioned earlier, Progressive era entailed numerous events ranging from urbanization and industrialization that necessitated the need for change in the American societies. The rate at which urbanization took place alongside industrialization could only translate to the effects of poverty. Increased poverty among majority of citizens translated to poor health services, high crime rates, racism, violence, class warfare, and greed, together with corruption. In the description of Burt (2004, p. 3), poor working conditions and environments were also justifiable causes of concern by the Progressives. By 1890, 18% of the total labor in the country constituted of the women and children. Prior to the Progressive era, American experienced hi gh influx of immigrants who in turn compromised the wage rates for the native employees bearing the stiff competition for employment opportunities. To extinguish such misfortunes from the society and ensure growth of the American societies, a group of individuals from higher social class mutinied to form a social movement called â€Å"Progressives†. Members of the Progressive group were mainly city dwellers who had significant college education (Burt 2004, p. 4). According to the Progressives, honest government, safe environment, and education for the country were the only options that would help save and develop the country. Progressive was the only sure way of responding to, and appreciating the industrial revolution that had hit the country. Among the Progressives were Jane Addams, Susan Antony, Margaret Sanger, Alice Paul, Lucy Burns, and Carrie Nation among others. The leading journalist of the era who helped spread the message of progress was Ida Tarbell, Thomas, Nast, Upton Sinclair, and Jacob Riis. The political reformers and activists of the time included Theodore Roosevelt, William Dubois, Booker Washington, and Eugene Debs. The great missions of the Progressives included fighting fear among the immigrants, teaching democracy and exposing evil and corrupt acts committed by those holding power. Rauchway (2007, p. 8) remarks that election of Robert La Follette as the governor of Wisconsin

The rhetoric and reality of employee involvement Essay Example for Free

The rhetoric and reality of employee involvement Essay Introduction – The acceptable business paradigm changed over time. There was a time when the accepted concept of effective management relied largely on what the top management thinks best for the company, leaving the rest of the company especially blue collar workers with little or no participation at all in how a company grows and changes over time. As what Gupta and Sharma (2004) wrote, â€Å"The old fashioned view of employee involvement employee following the employers instruction in return for wage encourages employees to be passive, take a little initiative and often view themselves as adversaries of the enterprise and its management (Gupta and Sharma, 2004, p. 203).† But today, many business analysts believe in the concept of employee involvement and participation. This is a broad concept which includes many things (i.e. employee empowerment, proactive approach towards policy assessment, etc), but the basic precept of employee involvement is the conscious effort of the management to design a workplace that allows employees to actively participate in the manner by which the company moves towards its direction. The concept of employee involvement and participation is an important aspect in successful management of a company. Gennard and Judge (2005) wrote, â€Å"There is this important assumption behind employee involvement theory namely, the employees are an untapped resource with knowledge and experience which can be used by employers if they provide opportunities and structures for worker involvement (Gennard and Judge, 2005, p. 182).† But the main problem today is this: despite the fact that many worker’s rights advocates and business analysts points to the significance of employee involvement in a company, it seems that the concept of employee involvement remains to be a myth; that present organization and structure still renders employee involvement and participation as something that has no bearing at all. Thesis – With the growing surge in the development of professional service consultancy firms, people are also wondering about the exact role and impact that human analyst and employees make during the key stages of analysis. In the age of smart computers and complex software that aids people to think and opt for the best possible option and assists in company management, the question now is (externally) how significant really is the role of the human analysts in the designing of the options for decision making for the company’s client, and (internally), how significant is employee participation in the direction and growth of the company like Analysys Mason Ltd. As a company, Analysys Mason Ltd greatly depends on the skill of its employees so that it can deliver solutions that pushes away existing or prospective problems that a company might face. This act is a clear example of the role of human intervention and role in problem solving. But is this particular solution, the employing of the human role and intervention – is the same formula at work when Analysys Mason Ltd is faced with the task of solving its own internal problems, or does the company exercise a policy that greatly marginalizes the role and participation of the employee in how internal corporate concerns are being addressed in the company? T o be able to ascertain the role and participation of employees in the external and internal efforts of the company and to know whether the company is either suffocating the avenues wherein employee involvement would thrive or ignoring the possible contribution of employee involvement towards company growth, it is important to make an in-depth study of the company as well as review news and other materials that may contain information that can prove the real situation of employee involvement inside Analysys Mason Ltd. To be able to further understand the concept of employee involvement and participation and connect it with the current situation present in the selected company, it is important to also review the available literature that tackles the issue of employment involvement, like the work of Bratton and Gold (2001), who wrote about how â€Å"the aim of employee involvement is to promote workers’ interest in the success of the organization (Bratton and Gold, 200, p. 300).† Conclusion – The analysis of the level of employment involvement using a target company is an ideal approach to creating a company based-assessment from which future studies can be referenced from.   Through studies like this, other important information like the pooling of the needed resources to allow the success of employment involvement strategies can be identified. Bibliography Bratton, John and Jeffrey Gold. (February 2001). Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Byron, James S. and Vitalo, Raphael L. (April 2004). Using Working With Others Training Sessions to Drive Employee Involvement [Internet], Vital Enterprises.Available from: http://www.vitalentusa.com/learn/drive_ei.php [Accessed 4 June 2008]. EmploymentInvolvement.com (2005). [Internet]. http://www.employeeinvolvement.com/ [Accessed 4 June 2008]. Employment Involvement Advisor. (April 23, 2008). Engaging Employees [Internet]. Available from: http://employeeinvolvementadvisor.blogspot.com/ [Accessed 4 June 2008]. Employee Involvement Association (2006). The Employee Involvement Association [Internet]. Available from http://www.eianet.org/ [Accessed 4 June 2008]. Gennard, John and Judge, Graham. (2005). Employee Relations. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. CIPD Publishing. Gifford J, Neathey F, Loukas G. (December 2005). Employee Involvement Information, Consultation and Discretion [Internet]. Report 427, Institute for Employment Studies. Available from http://www.employment-studies.co.uk/pubs/summary.php?id=427 [Accessed 4 June 2008]. Gupta, Jatinder N. D.   and Sharma. (2004). Intelligent Enterprises of the 21st Century. Idea Group Incorporated. Insightlink Communications (April 2005). Employers and Employees Making the Marriage Work: The Importance of Employee Commitment [Internet] Available from: http://www.insightlink.com/employee_commitment.html [Accessed 4 June 2008]. The Official Website of Analysys Mason Ltd. Available from: http://www.analysysmason.com/ [Accessed 4 June 2008].

Twos Matrix Essay Example for Free

Twos Matrix Essay Strength-S 1. Samsung enjoys the widest range of product portfolio which includes Mobile phone, TV/Audio/video, camera, home appliances, pc and other accessories. 2. Samsung has dominated the market in south korea in almost all its product line. 3. Samsung has large investments on research and development. 4. Samsung operate using digital technology and product diversification strategy differentiated the company from its competitors. Weakness-W 1. Allocation of marketing budget is not proportional to the needs of the regions. 2. Poor marketing strategy resulting from different message or logo in regions where Samsung was sold. 3. Management’s wrong perception of marketing function. 4. Samsung is a hardware leader but has too much of dependence for software from other parties. Opportunities-O 1. Samsung is the official Olympic partner for the 2000 sydney Olympic games, 2002 winter Olympic games and the 2008 summer games in Beijing. 2. Customers from other countries find Samsung delightful and affordable. 3. Samsung stood poised to become a leader in the era of digital convergence. 4. In china there are prospective five million customers signing up for cellular telephone service each month. SO-Strategies 1. Diversify in the industry of telecommunication in south Korea. (O3,S2) 2. Acquire or build showcase retail outlet in big cities in USA, China, and Russia. (S1,S4,O2,O4) WO-Strategies 1. Introduce Samsung’s products through sponsorship on Olympic, Winter and summer games to enhance brand awareness and increase sales. (W2,O1) 2. Stop operations in such as Germany and countries in north America. (W1,O2,O4) Threats-T 1. Threats from Chinese products. 2. Samsung has wide variety of product lines, failure of one product line wil have impact on the other and will result in brand dilution. 3. Aggressive competitors, including Sony, Nokia, Motorola and Panasonic. 4. Brand such as  Apple and Sony focuses on both software and hardware development. ST-Strategies 1. Improve digital technology and product differentiation to tailor their products, marketing and other activities to needs of the specific market. (S2,S4,T2,T3) 2. Innovate or modify mobile cell phones to cater the diversified preferences of the different nationalities. (S1,S3,T3,T1) WT-Strategies 1. Diversify the business on software industry in order to compete with close rivals. (W4,T4) 2. Set up its own advertisements company will take charge of its global marketing and advertisements. (W1,W3,T1,T2) TOWS Matrix

Impact On Fashion Industry Marketing Essay

Impact On Fashion Industry Marketing Essay The increasing variety of choices, cheaper prices, increasing use of social media and increasing level of comfort across all age groups are changing the retail landscape with more and more users going online to purchase products. In line with this trend, Australian online shopping expenditure is predicted to be worth $26.9 billion by 2016, a growth of 14.1% (PwC). Research conducted by PwC indicates that the retail categories that will show the strongest online growth is clothing, foot wear, jewellery and fashion accessories; in short the fashion industry. With 62% of Australians owning a smart phone and 22% owning a tablet pc (PwC), use of advanced mobile devices are growing at a rapid pace. Further, research shows that 73% of smart phone users and 90% of iPhone users use their phones to access the internet (Essential research). This accessibility has given rise to mobile shopping, as research by PwC shows that of all devices used to purchase goods online in Australia, 34% was through mobile phones and 17% was through tablet pcs. Further, the same research indicated that 57% of Australian online shoppers have increased their online spending through mobile shopping in the last 12 months. Retailers are taking note of these trends; online retailers are mushrooming, while the brick and mortar businesses are building more interactive and mobile-optimized web sites, enhancing them with mobile apps, including aspects of social media such as mood boards and fashion diaries, they are trying to cater to the tech savvy customer. This phenomenon along with emerging technologies such as wave and pay has the ability to completely transform the fashion retail industry. This new trend in consumer buying behaviour poses opportunities as well as challenges to marketers to engage in innovative ways with the consumers. This will involve understating consumer needs, and understanding the importance of the rise of advanced mobile devices and its impact on the fashion industry consumers. Description Source Source Justification Impact (Key takeout) David Jones Media release on new strategic direction David Jones Ltd. David Jones is an up-market Australian department store chain founded in 1838. It currently has 37 stores located in most Australian states and territories. Identifying the evolving practises and innovations of companies in response to changing consumer behaviour. The future of retailing an insight into the Australian online shopping market PwC Australia PwC is a global professional services firm. It is the worlds largest professional services firm and the largest of the Big Four accountancy firms measured by 2011 revenues. The factors stimulating growth of Australian online retail, how consumers and technologies are evolving and key considerations for the future. Market Profile Guide for Apparel (Fashion) In Australia New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (NZTE) NZTE is New Zealands economic development and trade promotion agency. It provides a wide range of standard services and sophisticated solutions that assist businesses through every stage of the export process. Key information and statistics on the Australian apparel industry. Research on online retailing in Australia AustraliaInstitue The Australia Institute is an independent public policy think tank based in Canberra. Since its launch in 1994, the Institute has carried out highly influential research on a broad range of economic, social and environmental issues. Key information and statistics on the Australian online retailing. Australian e-commerce Forrester Research and PayPal Forrester Consulting provides independent and objective research-based consulting to help leaders succeed in their organizations. PayPal is a secure payments system that lets people buy online without sharing their personal financial Information. PayPal has operated in Australia for 5 years. The challenges and opportunities facing Australian businesses in the online retail boom. Retail statistics and performance Textile and Clothing sector of Australia Australian Bureau of Statistics (website) A government source which provides accurate and up to date information. A comparison of online and brick and mortar apparel retailing performance The impact of search technologies MckinseyCompany MckinseyCompany is a leading research company with experience in research across many sectors. The primary sources of value from search for online retailers Critically assess one macro environmental change (socio- technological) The popularity of new mobile devices How will it effect consumer behavior mobile shopping, group shopping, customers looking for more interactive and social shopping experience How to respond to it à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Strategic marketing perspective Effects on marketing in the industry Visionary Creative thinking A smart phone is a mobile phone built on a mobile computing software including more advanced computing ability and connectivity than a normal feature phone. Smart phones generally include high resolution touch screens, web browsers and high speed data access via wi-fi and mobile broadband. A tablet pc is a mobile computer, usually having a touch screen. Sales of smart phone devices are huge with 467 million units sold worldwide in 2011. With such popularity of smart phones, the smart phone industry is set to grow at a massive 19% from 2012-2016 (Market research.com).

Falling into mud, a descent into madness Essay examples -- Play Analys

Having never experienced a show highlighting contemporary and modern dance I was not quite certain what to expect when I first took my seat at the Kshoy!/Decay! performance. What I was not anticipating was a spectacle that moved so quickly and fluidly rendering me unable to process the scenes moment-by-moment as they unfolded before me. It was a beautiful and moving experience that has afforded me many moments of self-reflection to decode and interpret what I was presented with. There was one specific moment from the program that constantly replays over and over in my head. At this one given moment the stage is flooded with the diverse company of women, united in one rapid choreographed movement, when the mood is abruptly changed, the lighting dims to near-darkness, and the quick-footed women all flee, save one, which dramatically freezes in her position. It is silent. There she stands, this tall, statuesque woman. When you look upon her you cannot help but see her as the epitome of a strong black female, her posture suggests that she has labored very hard in her time and is all deserving of the respect that she has attained. She is fully in command of the audience and stage and has us all hinged on her impending movement. If you look closely you can see that from her pronounced forehead there is the tiniest droplets of perspiration as the result of her previous hypnotic gyrations, and you can see her breast breathing heavily trying to regain her brea th and composure. Her garb is a bright magenta beacon in the dark room, and the slight shimmer of the cloth she wears can be likened to a dimly shining candle flame. At this moment you expect her to do nothing other than stand there in her immense pride and relish in the... ...y: Boraine, Alex. A Country Unmasked: Inside South Africa's Truth And Reconciliation Commission. 1st Ed. South Africa: Oxford University Press, 2000. 145-188. Print. Davies, Rob, Dan O'Meara, and Sipho Dlamini. The Struggle for South Africa: A Reference Guide to Movements, Organizations, And Institutions. 1st Ed. 2 vols. London, United Kingdom: Zed Books LTD, 1984. 190-211. Print. De Klerk, F.W. The Last Trek - A New Beginning. 1st Ed. New York, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998. 378-385. Print Meredith, Martin. Coming To Terms: South Africa's Search for Truth. 1. New York, New York: PublicAffairs, Perseus Books Group, 1999. 59-67. Print. Gellhorn, Martha, Edward Murrow, Jessica Mitford, Seymour Hersh, and Eric Schlosser. Tell Me No Lies - Investigative Journalism That Changed The World. 1. New York, New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 2005. 190-192. Print.

American Beauty Essay -- Film, Movie

American Beauty There continues to be an everyday struggle for us American’s to find out true identities. There are so many people in our society who feel the necessity to be someone they are not, in order to fit in. Only if they had a mirror; then they could look and see the fear and insecurity in their eyes. There are some situations where putting on a act twenty-four hours a day is a bit too much. For many, the suburban life is the America dream. For others, however, it can turn into a twisted nightmare of unfulfilled desires. American Beauty, nonetheless, is a movie that gives the viewers backstage passes to see how the most perfect family, living in the flawless suburbs can really turn out to be. It’s our typical family with both a working husband (Lester) and wife (Carolyn). They have a beautiful teenager by the name of Jane, who‘s friends with your typical high school gossip girl (Angela). There are many significant others to the movie like the new family that just moved next door, or the top real estate agent who calls himself â€Å"The King†. There were so many different conflicts and alterations between the characters that made this movie so interesting to the viewers. American Beauty was a movie that shows us how our American society portrays the all American family to have the perfect relationships with one another. Little do the outsiders know about what really goes on inside the walls of the perfect household, and how they act towards each other. American Beauty is about the masks we wear in our society. Each character seems to wear there own masks during the movie for their own reasons. Whether they are dealing with their work, family, or just life in general. The father/husband of the supposedly â€Å"All American Family† seems to be hiding under the infamous â€Å"maskâ€Å" throughout the movie. He lives a life where he is constantly overpowered by his wife and co-workers day by day. Lester wakes up everyday only to show the community that he cares about his wife Carolyn, but when he really knows his relationship has taken a turn for the worse. He makes the community think that he is this funny, caring, and entertaining husband when he sees no reason to be. A real estate party was being held at a hall for all the real estate agents of the community. Before the party Carolyn told him just to act like a normal, caring, and be a husband of interested. H... ...oulders. She was one step further to finding her true identity. Mother and daughter relationships are a bit different then father to daughter relationships. Carolyn has a more realistic relationship with Jane than Lester. Even though Carolyn tries to keep her unidirectional relationship with Lester out of Jane’s life. She wants Jane to think everything is just perfect between the three of them, when in reality it isn’t close to perfection. During a scene at the dinner table, Lester all of a sudden has an outburst of anger and throws the dinner plate across the room. He then starts arguing with Carolyn in front of their only child. Jane could not stand to see her parents like this so she left. Although Carolyn did feel bad that her daughter had to see that, she should not have tried to hide their feelings for each other from their little girl. By her trying to have Jane thinking everything was fine and having Jane see that sudden outburst was not right. It was her responsibility as a mother to keep Jane on task with her social lif e, school, friends and any family problems. She obviously failed to keep up with that task considering the conditions Jane has been put up against.

Communists Win Chinese Civil War Essay

How much of the Cold War was affected by the Chinese Civil War? One may ask themself this question and not find an answer because one may think very little of another country being a part of different wars at the same time. The Chinese Civil War impacted the Cold War completely. The Chinese Civil War left a legacy of many people, major events in history, importance towards the Cold War and many others. The people who made this war happen also left behind their own goals along with their own legacies. â€Å"The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang (KMT), the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China (CPC) for the control of China which eventually led to China’s division into two Chinas, Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and People’s Republic of China (PRC) in Mainland† (Chinese Civil War, 2012). The KMT and CPC are the groups of people who created the Chinese Civil War because of their diverse and unique beliefs on government. This war for control began in April 1927 during the same time of the Northern Expedition, which was a military campaign led by the KMT to unify China under the Kuomintang banner (2012). The Cold War began in 1941 or most resources say exactly after WWII showing that both the Chinese Civil War and Cold War went on in the same time period in history (Cold War, 2012). In the Chinese Civil War the main objective of each powerful party was to gain control of China and establish their thoughts on government. This civil war marked the third largest war in history, being represented by ideological split between the Nationalist KMT and Communist CPC (2012). The main leaders of the Chinese Civil War were the Nationalist’s leader, Chiang Kai-shek, and the Communist’s leader, Mao Zedong. The Chinese Civil War ended due to major active battles ending in 1949-1950 (2012). Most would say the war is still going on with no ending yet because no armistice or peace treaty has been signed yet. With most resources showing the Civil War of China ended about 40 years earlier than the Cold War (Cold War, 2012), but considering the Chinese Civil War never had an armistice nor peace treaty the war has never correctly ended or ended  at all. The Chinese Civil War was mainly ended though due to the Sino-Japanese War destroying the KMT severely toward their moral, troops, and trust throughout China. The Japanese invaded at this time forcing the KMT and CPC to unite in an attempt to drive out the invading Japanese (2012). Furthermore, the KMT when defending Japanese attacks lost many casualties, but once it was the CPC’s turn they defended far more than expectation pushing the Japanese back some using guerilla warfare (2012). This gained a lot of respect and trust within the CPC adding new followers to its party. After this ended the Western-supported Nationalist KMT and the Soviet-supported CPC went back at it for the control of China (Chinese Civil War, 2008). The last three years of the war are more commonly known as the War of Liberation, or alternatively the Third Internal Revolutionary War (2012). â€Å"On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People’s Republic of China with its capital at Beiping, which was renamed Beijing; Chiang Kai-shek and approximately 2 million Nationalist Chinese retreated from mainland China to the island of Taiwan† (2012). The Chinese Civil War affected the Soviet Union and United States in many different ways. Among the time period of World War II the United States became a large factor in Chinese affairs (Chinese Civil War, 2011). The United States as an ally helped the Nationalist government by sending a program of massive military and financial aid in the late months of 1941 (2011). â€Å"In January 1943 the United States and Britain led the way in revising their treaties with China, bringing to an end a century of unequal treaty relations† (2011). By doing this the United States were trying to become a strong ally with China, stabilizing force in postwar East Asia (2011). â€Å"As the conflict between the Nationalists and the Communists intensified, however, the United States sought unsuccessfully to reconcile the rival forces for a more effective anti-Japanese war effort† (2011). â€Å"Toward the end of the war, United States Marines were used to hold Beiping and Tianjin against a possible Soviet incursion, and logistic support was given to Nationalist forces in north and northeast China: (2011). American strategists debated amongst themselves on whether or not the United States should intervene in an attempt to prevent a Communist victory, which would be following the policy of containment (2011). In December 1945 General George Catlett Marshall arrived in China with the thoughts of more-so bringing the KMT and CPC together to build a  coalition government that would consist of all the contending political and military groups in China (2011). â€Å"Under Marshall’s guidance, the Nationalist and Communist factions established an Exe cutive Headquarters at Peiping, China (also known as Beijing), in January 1946† (2011). The United States Army appointed military personnel into headquarters trying to help administer the cease-fire negotiations (2011). United State forces were still held accountable towards incidents of violence between the Communist and Nationalist powers (2011). Furthermore, â€Å"the United States also helped repatriate Japanese army personnel who were stranded in China after World War II† (2011). Unfortunately for General Marshall, both the Nationalist’s and Communist’s representatives could not compromise or come to an agreement on certain fundamental issues or relinquish the territories they had gained in the time of the Japanese surrender (2011). Because of these miscommunications and bad negotiating between both of the Nationalist and Communist powers, the cease-fire attempts failed after several months resulting in battles resuming on once again (2011). The truce upheld between both forces soon fell apart in the spring of 1946 (2011). â€Å"Negotiations still continued† (2011). â€Å"On 08 January 1947 Marshall was recalled, having realized that American efforts short of large-scale armed intervention could not stop the war† (2011). â€Å"Marshall was then commissioned as Secretary of State in President Truman’s Cabinet† (2011). After this General George Catlett Marshall convinced Congress to give Europe $13 billion to help rebuild, this became known as the â€Å"Marshall Plan† (2011). â€Å"Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953† (2011). The United States still strongly aided the Nationalists with massive economic loans, but no military support (2011). The Chinese Civil War battles became more raged between the two forces (2011). The two forces now not only fought for territory but also for the allegiance of cross sections of the population (2011). â€Å"By using Manchuria as a base of supply and manpower and by accelerating the stages of Mao’s theory, Co mmunists field commanders defeated Kuomintang forces in a series of conventional engagements in the late 1940s and established the People’s Republic of China in October 1949† (2011). After numerous operational set-backs in Manchuria the Communists were able to take over the region and put more focus towards the war south of the Great Wall (2011). â€Å"Stalin actually tried to restrain Mao on several occasions while he gauged  American responses to developments in China† (2011). The crossing of the Yangtze River culminated in the collapse of the KMT resistance (2011). This led directly to Chiang Kai-shek’s retreat to Taiwan and the formation of the People’s Republic of China on October 1st, 1949 (2011). â€Å"The Mandate of Heaven had been withdrawn from Chiang Kai-shek† (2011). This resulted in the final victory of the Communist forces led by Mao Zedong in the Chinese Civil War; this casted an ominous pall over world affairs (2011). Within the same year, Russia detonated its first atomic bomb, ending the United States commanding control over nuclear weapons (2011). The arms race had begun with the nuclear war threat always being a major constant concern in the Cold War (2011). The overall impact of the Chinese Civil War ended in favor for the Soviet Union and going against the United States. This is because the United States were practicing a policy of containment. â€Å"The strategy, containment, is the strategy that the USA had of stopping the spread of Communism right in its tracks at the start of the Cold War† –Mr. Crow. Considering the United States did not stop the spread of Communism to China, they can count this event as a loss in the Cold War. On the other hand, the Soviet Union (USSR) could consider this a victory in the Cold War considering they aided the Communist Party and force in China, helping them win the Chinese Civil War and spread the concept and belief of Communism. The concept or belief of Communism: â€Å"a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state† (Dictionary.com, 2012). â€Å"Communism has ten essential planks, which are the Abolition of Private Property, Heavy Progressive Income Tax, Abolition of Rights of Inheritance, Confiscation of Property Rights, Central Bank, Government Ownership of Communication and Transportation, Government Ownership of Factories and Agriculture, Government Control of Labor, Corporate Farms and Regional Planning, Government Control of Education† (Communism & Amorality, 2012). References â€Å"Chinese Civil War.† GlobalSecurity.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2012. . â€Å"Chinese Civil War.† New World Encyclopedia . N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. . â€Å"Chinese Civil War.† Wikipedia.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2012. . â€Å"Cold War.† New World Encyclodpedia . N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. . â€Å"Communism & Amorality .† All About Philosophy. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. . â€Å"Definition of Communism.† Dictionary.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. .

Productivity Quality Profitability in research

Operations Research (O. R. ) has been termed The Science of Better. The term Operations Research (OR) describes the discipline that is focused on the application of information technology for informed decision-making. In other words, OR represents the study of optimal resource allocation A problem in the real world is modeled, usually in mathematical terms, then mathematical techniques, together with data analysis and computational algorithms, are applied, in order to find ways to do the job better. The word Operations derives from the many successful applications of O.R. To military operations in the sass. But, since then, most O. R. Applications have been to peaceful activities, especially to business management, of which planning industrial production, and scheduling airlines, and other transportation, have been prominent. The name Management Science denotes the same discipline, with some emphasis on business management. Practitioners of Operations Management will find many of the se techniques relevant. The areas of Logistics, Supply Chain Management, Decision Sciences, and Manufacturing Management deal with similar applications.The goal of OR is to provide rational bases for decision making by seeking to understand and structure employ situations, and to utilize this understanding to predict system behavior and improve system performance. Much of the actual work is conducted by using analytical and numerical techniques to develop and manipulate mathematical models of organizational systems that are composed of people, machines, and procedures. OR's role in both, the public and the private sectors is increasing rapidly.In general, OR addresses a wide variety of issues in transportation, inventory planning, production planning, communication operations, computer operations, financial assets, risk management, revenue management, and any other fields where improving business productivity is paramount. In the public sector, OR studies may focus on energy policy, defense, health care, water resource planning, design and operation of urban emergency systems, or criminal justice. To reiterate, OR reflects an analytical method of problem solving and decision-making that is useful in the management of organizations.In OR, problems are (1 ) decomposed into basic components and (2) solved via mathematical analysis. Some of the analytical methods used in OR include mathematical logic, simulation, network analysis, queuing theory, and game theory. The actual OR process can in general be described via three steps. (1) A set of potential solutions to a problem is identified and developed (the set may be rather large). (2) The alternatives derived in the first step are analyzed, and reduced to a smaller set of solutions (the solutions have to be feasible and workable). 3) The alternatives derived in the second step are subjected to simulated implementation and, if feasible, exposed to an actual analysis in a real-world environment. It has to be pointe d out that in the final step, psychology and management sciences often play a rather important role. Generally speaking OR improves the effectiveness and the efficiency of an institute the term operations in OR may Suggests that the manufacturing application Category represents the Original home of OR. That is not quite accurate, as the name originated from military operations, not business operations.Nevertheless, it is a true statement that OR's successes in contemporary business pervade manufacturing and service operations, logistics, distribution, transportation, and telecommunication. The myriad applications include scheduling, routing, workflow improvements, elimination of bottlenecks, inventory control, business process re- engineering, site selection, or facility and general operational planning. Revenue and supply chain management reflect two growing applications that are distinguished by their use of several OR methods to cover several functions.Revenue management entails first to accurately forecasting the demand, and secondly to adjust the price Structure over time to more profitably allocate fixed capacity. Supply chain decisions describe the who, what, when, and where abstractions from purchasing and transporting raw materials and parts, through manufacturing actual products and goods, and anally distributing and delivering the items to the customers. The prime management goal here may be to reduce overall cost while processing customer orders more efficiently than before.The power of utilizing OR methods allows examining this rather complex and convoluted chain in a comprehensive manner, and to search among a vast number of combinations for the resource optimization and allocation strategy that seem most effective, and hence beneficial to the operation. Businesses and organizations frequently face challenging operational problems whose SUCCessfUl solution requires certain expertise in applied autistic, optimization, stochastic modeling, or a com bination of these areas.To illustrate, a company may need to design a sampling plan in order to meet specific quality control objectives. In a manufacturing environment, operations that compete for the same resources must be scheduled in a way that deadlines are not violated. The manager of a supermarket must determine how many checkout lines to keep open at various times during the day and evening so that shoppers are not unnecessarily delayed.The area of operations research that concentrates on real-world operational problems is called production systems. Production systems problems may arise in settings that include, but are not limited to, manufacturing, telecommunications, health-care delivery, facility location and layout, and staffing. The area of production systems presents special challenges for operations researchers. Production problems are operations research problems, hence solving them requires a solid foundation in operations research fundamentals.Additionally, the so lution of production systems problems frequently draws on expertise in more than one of the primary areas of operations research, implying that the successful production researcher cannot be One-dimensional. Furthermore, production systems problems cannot be solved without an in- depth understanding of the real problem, since invoking assumptions that simplify the mathematical structure of the problem may lead to an elegant solution for the wrong problem.Common sense and practical insight are common attributes of successful production planners. At the current time, the field of OR is extremely dynamic and ever evolving. To name a few of the contemporary (primary) research projects, current work in OR seeks to develop software for material flow analysis and design of flexible manufacturing facilities using pattern recognition and graph theory algorithms. Further, approaches for the design of re-configurable manufacturing systems and progressive automation of discrete manufacturing sy stems are under development.Additional OR projects focus on the industrial deployment of computer-based methods for assembly line balancing, business process reengineering, capacity planning, pull scheduling, and setup reduction, primarily through the integration of the philosophies of the Theory of Constraints and Lean Manufacturing. Quality in Research Companies need to compete both by bringing new products to the market and by improving existing products and processes. These two aspects constitute the rationale underlying this master's programmed.However, in addition to the factors discussed, we think that there should also be additional focus on the quality of operations research and the dissemination process of findings from such research. This has tremendous implications for the importance of operations research technology transfer to the national level. Broadly defined, this field deals with the efficient design and operation of systems, usually seeking to determine an optima l or effective utilization and allocation of scarce resources.The tools of OR lie in the mathematical doodling and analysis of physical or economic systems, and its scope of application arises in varied walks of life, in the areas of business, industry, government, and national defense. As stiffer competition and lower resilience to business shock make companies and industries walk a tight line that separates success from failure, the emphasis of this field on both long-term (strategic) and short-term (tactical) efficiency and cost effectiveness are increasingly promoting its use in widely diverse areas.Although the importance of quality in research might seem obvious, we have found that quality and methodological rigor are often lacking. To identify proven strategies aimed at improving routine immunization services in developing countries, we recently conducted a literature review assessing both results and methodological rigor. The lack of quality and rigor for most studies and th e overall paucity of well-conducted published studies was striking, especially in light of the longstanding Expanded Programmed on Immunization (PEP) and the widely recognized importance and cost- effectiveness.Also some of the broader issues, innovations and implications across a spectrum of disciplines which co-inhabit the same ecosystem. The history has been presented as the paradigm of detonation management, defined as the use of technological, quantitative methods, and decision making techniques in order to make business decisions based on data and analyses rather than solely on intuition. The history of this paradigm has been presented as a series of periods, each of which have unique characteristics, whilst simultaneously being part of an overall evolution.Using the themes that are particularly prevalent in the analytics period, examples of possible research directions for the OR community have also been presented. Above all the analysis demonstrates that OR does not exist en tirely in isolation; the community must embrace and engage with the wider concerns of the ecosystem and paradigm or risk declining into obscurity. With other academic and practitioner communities engaging with analytics and increasing research in these areas, OR is in danger of being left behind.Whilst arguments may be made that such research directions risk diluting the OR ‘brand', the original conception of the discipline was to use the most relevant methods available to solve business problems, a tradition such research falls firmly within. Many businesses are currently uncertain of how the economic recession will affect demand for their services and products. For global permeate Norse Kooks, this IS a familiar situation. Over the past decade, the company has experienced declining demand for its products as electronic media have replaced newsprint publications.As it struggles to survive, the company has been forced to make some difficult decisions, including closing paper p roduction lines and entire mills. As decision makers become more involved in implementing Total Quality Management, questions are raised about which management practices would be emphasized. In this exploratory investigation of the relationship of specific quality management practices to quality performance, a framework Was constructed.It focuses on both core quality management practices and on the infrastructure that creates an environment supportive of their use. In addition, it incorporates two measures of quality performance and their role in establishing and sustaining a competitive advantage. Path analysis was used to the management, with multiple regression analysis determining the path coefficients, which were decomposed into their various effects. Weak linkages were eliminated.The trimmed model indicated that perceived quality market outcomes were primarily related to statistical control/feedback and the product design process, while the internal measure of percent that pas sed final inspection without requiring rework was strongly related to process flow management and to statistical control/feedback, to a lesser extent. Both measures of quality performance were related to competitive advantage. Important infrastructure components included top management support and workforce management.Supplier relationships and work attitudes were also related to some of the core quality practices and quality performance measures. The driving idea behind OR is to collaborate with clients to design and improve operations, make better decisions, solve problems, and advance managerial functions including policy formulation, planning, forecasting, and performance measurement. The goal of OR is to develop information to provide valuable insight and guidance.By utilizing OR methods, the objective is to apply to any given project the most appropriate scientific techniques selected from mathematics, any of the sciences including the social and management sciences, and any b ranch of engineering, respectively. The work normally entails collecting and analyzing data, creating and testing mathematical models, proposing approaches not previously considered, interpreting information, making recommendations, and aiding at implementing the initiatives that result from the study.Moreover, utilizing OR methods allow to develop and implement software, systems, services, and products related to a client's methods and applications. The systems may include strategic decision-support systems, which play a vital role in many organizations today. Profitability in Research profitability is a prime concern in all organizations. Operations management uses various tools and strategies to try and improve if not maximize profitability. Operations management, which encompasses supply chain management and logistics, deals with how well some function is performed.This research analyzes the specific strategy of production mix efficiency and what mediating effect it has on the r elationship between operations management and financial profitability. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling was utilized to analyze the relationship between he three constructs. This research found that operations management alone does not have a positive impact on profitability. However, the strategy of production mix efficiency has a positive mediating effect on profit, which provides a potential answer to firms trying to increase profits through operations.Analyzing a strategy of operations management for the purposes of increasing profitability. The strategy of production mix efficiency looks at factors involved in the process of producing goods. Some variables here are the number of items each firm makes and the time and costs involved in ACH. The study is a logistical aspects of business. The purpose of this paper is to provide operation managers and firms with an in-depth understanding of what factors have a more direct impact on profitability.Operati ons management is concerned with all areas that affect the company on a daily basis. According to Jaggy (1992), one of the goals of operations management is to achieve profit minimization. In order to achieve this, there are various factors that can be utilized. A few of these strategies are production mix efficiency, product route efficiency, and resource commitment. This research analyses production mix efficiency. Counting (1996) describes a situation in which a management process that is not optimized will result in less than optimal results.Such results lead to solid and hazardous waste, as well as increasing operational costs. This forward supply chain issue creates a desire and need for a well-organized and robust reverse logistics System. Supply chain disruptions pose an increasingly significant risk to supply chains Synergy demands these forward and reverse systems be linked for effective communication and scheduling purposes. Typically, supply chains will consist f an inde pendent system for the reverse chain however, it will work hand in hand with the forward chain.Without such integration, Stock (1992) notes that several problems may arise because firms do not understand they can positively affect the environment through reduction and recycling of waste. Industries are in the habit of utilizing virgin materials rather than recycled ones. Lastly, there exists a perception that recycled materials are inferior to virgin ones. It is important with regard to profitability to make the most of the materials a firm has. This is achieved by using the materials the firm has to produce the optimal mix of products to achieve maximum profitability.

Affirmative Action: the Sensitive and Controversial Essay

Affirmative action has been a sensitive and controversial topic in the workplace since its existence. People on both sides of this controversial topic have been at each other’s throats for years and it does not seem to be going away anytime soon. A plan created to ease the hiring process of a group of people has in fact created more division in this country more than any other topic. What is affirmative action after all? It is a policy designed to redress past discrimination against women and minority groups through measures to improve their economic and educational opportunities. (Wordnetweb.com, 2010) In this paper, the writer will describe the elements of affirmative action as it applies to public and private sector employers and how it interacts with Title VII requirements of Employment Opportunity. The paper will also determine what employers are subject to affirmative action plans and why, what do the plans require employers to do and what happens if employers do not mee t the goals of the affirmative action plan. This country has been dealing with the issue of discrimination for a long time. Affirmative action was created in order to reduce discrimination in the workplace and in school. As it applies to the public sector, affirmative action prevents businesses with fifteen or more employees from discriminating on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, national origin and physical capability in practices relating to hiring, compensating, promoting, training and firing employees. (uslegal.com, 2010) It also it allows the state and federal governments to favor women-owned and minority-owned businesses when awarding contracts, and to reject bids from businesses that do not make good faith efforts to include minority-owned businesses among their subcontractors. (uslegal.com, 2010) When it comes to federal contractors and subcontractors, affirmative action must be taken by covered employers to recruit and advance qualified minorities, women, persons with disabilities, and covered veterans. (uslegal.com) this proves that affirmative action affect both private and public emplo yers. The difference between Title VII and affirmative action is simple. As defined by authors Dawn D. Bennett-Alexander and Laura P Hartman, â€Å"affirmative action is the intentional inclusion of women and minorities in the workplace based on finding of their previous exclusion.†(Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007); Whereas Title VII under the Civil Right Act of 1964 simply banned discrimination in employment. In other words, affirmative action requires employers both public and private to hire minorities and women in their establishments or face some consequences but under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it would be considered a crime to discriminate against a certain group based on race, color, religion and so on. â€Å"Title VII prohibits discrimination in employment but it does not impose affirmative duties on the employer. However, as a part of a remedies provided under Title VII, courts may order affirmative action. (Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007) Based on the research conducted, it does not seem that affirmation action was part of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Not every employer is subject to affirmative action. For example, a private company like Wal-Mart does not have to comply with affirmative action regulations. However this does not mean that they will not be fined for blatantly discriminating against any one person. Affirmative action plans only apply to pubic employers and contracts. According to Dawn D. Bennett-Alexander and Laura P Hartman, â€Å"employers who contract with the federal government to provide goods and services of $10,000 or more must agree must agree to comply with the executive order.† (Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007). Affirmative action plan is defined as a government contractor’s plan containing placement goals for inclusion for women and minorities in the workplace and timetables for accomplishing the goals. (Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007) In other words, the employer set some goals for hiring women and minorities and these goals must be met in a timely manner. In addition, the plan requires employer post in conspicuous places, available to employees and applicants, notices provided by the contracting officer setting forth the provisions of the nondiscrimination clause, include all the contractors’ solicitations or advertisements for employees a statement that all qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, gender, or national origin. (Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007) The plan also requires employers to include a statement of these obligations in all subcontracts or purchase orders. (Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007) Although the requirements under the affirmative action plan seems very strict, it is clear and the government does require full and detail explanation on how the plan is being implemented. As with everything else that the government is involved in, there are many consequences an employer can suffer if the plan is not followed properly. If an employer does not meet its target goals, in other words, is not in compliance with the action plan, there are several penalties which the federal government apply. According to Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, these penalties include publishing the names of nonconforming contractors or labor unions, recommending to the EEOC or the department of justice that proceedings be instituted under Title VII, cancelling, terminating, or suspending the contract or any portion thereof, for failure of the contractor or subcontractor to comply with the discrimination provisions of the contract. In addition, the government may debar the noncom plying contractor from entering into further contracts until the contractor has satisfied the secretary that it will abide by the provisions of the order. (Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007 The question which remain debatable even in today’s society, is is affirmation action necessary? There is no real answer for this question because affirmative action has been such a divisive subjects that no one will really agree on it. There will always be those who are against it and think that it is reverse discrimination against white males and there will always be those who support it because they feel it has not done fully what it was meant to do. Either way, as controversial as it is, affirmative action will not go away any time soon until something else comes along. References Affirmative Action. 2010 Retrieved on June 27, 2010 from http://www.wordnetweb.princeton.edu Affirmative Action Law and Legal Definition. 2010 Retrieved on June 28, 2010 from http://www.uslegal.com Alexande-Bennett D. D. and Hartman P. L 2007 5th ed. The Mcgraw Hills company